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History of collaborative / mutual credit |
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| David Graeber | the myth of barter: money didn’t evolve from barter, but from a complex network of mutual exchange and ‘gifting’ – barter has always been a marginal activity |
| International Clearing Union | mutual credit system between nations proposed (unsuccessfully) by John Maynard Keynes at the Bretton Woods meeting in 1944 |
| Monbiot.com | George Monbiot explains Keynes’ idea about an international clearing union |
Examples of influential mutual credit schemes |
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| Barter News | official journal of the reciprocal trade industry (see below) |
| Credito | Wikipedia entry on the huge network of inter-trading mutual exchange systems developed when the Argentine economy fell over at the beginning of the 21st century |
| Grassroots Economics | transforming the lives of people in Kenya and South Africa by facilitating trade without official currency |
| International Reciprocal Trade Association (IRTA) | trade body for commercial barter organisations; these are for-profit groups, and not part of our suggested solution – but they show that trade can happen between businesses without money changing hands |
| IRTA | IRTA on Wikipedia |
| LETS FAQ | the 20 most asked questions about LETS |
| LETS Link-up | global listing of LETS systems |
| LETSystems Design Manual | information on starting and running a LET system |
| Stamp Scrip | 1933 book by Irving Fisher. Stamp scrip was a local exchange medium introduced in many places as a response to the Great Depression of the 1930s |
| Time Magazine | the Post-Money Economy: article on the experiments in mutual exchange in Argentina at the beginning of the 21st century |
| Wikipedia | entry for local exchange trading system |
| Wir Bank (in German) | Inter-business mutual exchange started in the 1930s; in 2005 there were trades totalling the equivalent 6.5 billion Swiss francs (about £4-5 billion) – but with no money involved |
| Wir Bank | more sources of information on the Wir Bank from Thomas Greco |
| Wir Bank | Wir Bank on Wikipedia |
Stories and experiences of mutual credit schemes |
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| All About LETS | how LETS changed my life (Australia) |
| Golden Bay | Golden Bay’s Growing Complementary Currency System – Quite Handy (New Zealand) |
| Talent Exchange | FUNding your life through the talent exchange (South Africa) |
Credit Commons – can mutual credit replace the global money system? |
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| Bendell & Greco | currencies of transition: transforming money to unleash sustainability – a good place to start |
| Bendell & Slater |
‘the vision, strategy and roadmap of the new Credit Commons Collective is presented’
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| Beyond Money | Thomas Greco’s site: ‘devoted to the liberation of money and credit, and the restoration of the commons’ |
| the Community Exchange System | provides the means for communities to trade and exchange their goods and services, both locally and remotely. It could also be described as a global complementary trading network that operates without money as it is commonly understood |
| Community Forge | providing open source platforms for mutual credit schemes, to help them set up, trade and to inter-trade with other schemes |
| the Credit Commons | white paper on a proposed accounting system to allow users of any local currency to exchange with any other |
| Matt Slater | blog of community currency engineer working on developing credit commons |
| Tim Jenkin | ‘what comes after capitalism? That is the wrong question’ – inspiring and mind-expanding article: please read |
| Tom Greco | video: a world without money and interest |
| Tom Greco | in fact, here’s his entire playlist |
